Basic contact/coil is 1 opcode word. Good rule of thumb is about 1 opcode word per parameter. Array references (X[V42]), floating point (3.14) and large integer values (12345678) take up 2 opcode words. There are also "overhead" instructions with each code block.
The Status Bar of Designer shows the total Ladder memory used vs. the max size (see the attached screen shot). That pane on the status bar will go yellow when you start getting close to the limit (very very very few programs get that close), and turns red when it is exceeded.
The actual amount may slightly vary (by a few words) when offline vs. online. When the project gets written to the PLC when you are online, those "overhead" instructions are definitely set, and the total will be set to the actual size.
Final point, you can change the Ladder View to display code-block address offsets instead of rung #. This setting can be tweaked in the Ladder View Options dialog. You can then calculate the size of a specific rung based on its offset vs. the offset of the next rung.
See the attached screen shot that highlights the status bar info and the address offset display (note that string literal parameters take up 1 opcode word for every 4 characters of text).